Full list of topics

Management

4th IET International Seminar on Appropriate Healthcare Technologies for Developing Countries Andrew Gammie (June 2006) The seminar brought together 84 delegates from many countries and proved to be a stimulating atmosphere of debate and information exchange for those involved with the application of technology in global healthcare. Previous seminars had only been a single day meeting, but the number of submissions and the level of interest generated to date easily justified the extension to two days. The presentations covered devices and systems, information technology and healthcare technology policy and management. Presenters’ background varied between international organizations, NGO projects and university/hospital departments. The diversity of material and attendees added to the richness of debate during the seminar. Source:

Views from the Test House Steve McRoberts, CSci CPhys MInstP, UL Testing (March 2005) The General Requirements of the upcoming third edition of IEC 60601-1 3rd Edition requires that a Risk Management process in compliance with ISO14971 be in place. The requirements of a risk management system are fully throughout the standard; in fact the statement is made that "In all cases, the risk management process will determine whether the requirements of this standard are appropriate and acceptable." This talk discusses the key concepts of risk management in demonstrating and testing for compliance or certification to the third edition of IEC 60601-1. Source: Presentation from IEE Event - Medical Device Standards and Regulations - All Change, 9 March 2005

Medical Device Software Standards Peter Jordan BA, C.Eng., MBCS (March 2005) How should manufacturers write software for medical devices? European and US regulators have different answers. ISO/IEC 62304 aims to bridge the Atlantic with a basic software process standard. Peter summarises the standard and answers questions raised by people who want the standard to do more, less or different. Source: Presentation from IEE Event - Medical Device Standards and Regulations - All Change, 9 March 2005

WEEE & ROHS Directives - A guide to the marketing, product development and manufacturing actions you need to take. Produced by Envirowise in support of DTI and DEFRA initiatives on WEEE and ROHS (November 2003) Directive on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and Directive on the restriction of use of certain hazardous substances (ROHS) A guide to the marketing, product development and manufacturing actions you need to take. Source:

WEEE & ROHS Directive - Actions you need to take Produced by Envirowise in support of DTI and DEFRA initiatives on WEEE and ROHS (November 2003) Directive on waste on electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and Directive on the restriction of use of certain hazardous substances (ROHS) in electrical and electronic equipment - A guide giving details on actions you need to take. Source:

Teams or hierarchies? Comparing anaesthesiology and electrotechnology I Lemco (March 2001) The organisation and aims of the medical profession, and a few of its problems, have some commonality with those of the engineers. Is there anything to be learnt from anaesthetists? Source: Engineering Management Journal April 2001

Managing Medical Technology Mr Chris Quinn, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Trust (January 2000) For the purpose of this short article the term medical device technology is used to include common use medical equipment used in the treatment of clinical conditions. The development and impact of medical device technology has never been more apparent than in today's health care environment. Source: IEE Seminar - Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries. February 2000.

Ethics

Ethical consideration in the use of high-dependency technology E Kilbreath, University of Bristol (January 2000) When is it permissible to stop treatment of a patient in a persistent vegetative state? Source: Engineering Science and Education Journal February 2000

Ethics and the biomedical engineer M G Brennan, University of Wales and M A Tooley, Bristol General Hospital (January 2000) The need to incorporate ethics into everyday engineering practice is particularly evident in biomedical engineering. Source: Engineering Science and Education Journal February 2000

Medical Technology

Managing Machines, Men and Hospital Beds! Dr Richard Scott (November 2007) A bit about my background……… Working Life Career development………it’s never too early Source: PGBIOMED: Biomedical engineering student forum

Does joining the commercial world mean turning your back on engineering? Dr Emma Braithwaite (November 2007) Overview Common stereotypes Commercial VS academic Source: PGBIOMED: Biomedical engineering student forum

IEEE EMBS Dr Christopher James (November 2007) EMBS Membership by Region EMBS Members by Employment EMBS Areas of Technical Interest Source: PGBIOMED: Biomedical engineering student forum

The Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) Healthcare Technologies Network James Howe (November 2007) About the IET What the IET does… The Healthcare Technologies Network Source: PGBIOMED: Biomedical engineering student forum

4th IET International Seminar on Appropriate Healthcare Technologies for Developing Countries Andrew Gammie (June 2006) The seminar brought together 84 delegates from many countries and proved to be a stimulating atmosphere of debate and information exchange for those involved with the application of technology in global healthcare. Previous seminars had only been a single day meeting, but the number of submissions and the level of interest generated to date easily justified the extension to two days. The presentations covered devices and systems, information technology and healthcare technology policy and management. Presenters’ background varied between international organizations, NGO projects and university/hospital departments. The diversity of material and attendees added to the richness of debate during the seminar. Source:

Convergent Technologies in Personalized Healthcare Leonard Fass, Director Academic Relations, GE Healthcare (September 2005) Presentation from IEE Forum on Medical Electronics 2005 Source: Presentation from IEE Forum on Medical Electronics 2005

The importance of medical electronics in implants and diagnostic equipment Dr Diana Hodgins MBE, Managing Director, European Technology for Business Ltd (September 2005) Presentation from IEE Forum on Medical Electronics 2005 Source: Presentation from IEE Forum on Medical Electronics 2005

Think Global, Act Local: A Case Study in Medical Electronic Product Development Andrew Diston, Senior Vice President and Managing Director of Cambridge Consultants Inc. (September 2005) Presentation from the IEE Forum on Medical Electronics 2005. Source: Presentation from IEE Forum on Medical Electronics 2005

A case study of the impact of the economies of scale of the semiconductor industry on healthcare Keith Errey, CEO, Toumaz Technology Limited (September 2005) Contents: 1.Some Major Challenges in Healthcare 2.Future Directions and Trends in Healthcare 3.Monitoring / Telemetry Systems in Healthcare 4.The “Sensium”System-On-Chip Platform 5.Techniques for Achieving Ultra-low Power Operation 6.Conclusions Source: Presentation from IEE Forum on Medical Electronics 2005

System Considerations for Wireless Implant Communications Tim Coombs, M.Sc., MIEE, System Architect, Zarlink Semiconductor (September 2005) The focus of this presentation is MICS Band Communication. Source: Presentation from IEE Forum on Medical Electronics

FPGA SoC for Medical Imaging Colin Hall, Principal Engineer, Optos PLC, UK (October 2005) Presentation from IEE FPGA Developers Forum Source: Presentation from IEE FPGA Developers Forum 2005

2nd IEE Seminar on Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries (February 2002) This 2nd seminar on this topic was organized by the IEE Healthcare Technologies Professional Network. WHO estimates that 40-60% of medical equipment is out of service; & many other problems hinder the provision of healthcare in developing countries (DCs). There is much to be done to improve the situation and the seminar provided an opportunity for healthcare experts to share their experiences and to offer solutions. It was led by Len Cornish (Global Healthcare Projects) as technical adviser to the PN, & covered two themes: Managing Healthcare Technology and Applications & Supporting Systems. Source: IEE Seminar on Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries

EEG Dipole source localisation using independent component analysis: Single trial analysis of Laser evoked pain Dr Wael El-Deredy (December 2004) The accuracy of the inverse solution that finds the spatial locations of the generating sources from averaged scalp-recorded event related potentials (ERPs) relies on assumptions about the ERP signals and their sources. The inverse solution of averaged signal is particularly inaccurate in the case of multiple sources. For example, pain results from the integration of a widespread network of nociceptive processes that are activated simultaneously. Dipole source localisation studies of averagedpain evoked potentials have not revealed the full extent of this network in the way that PET and fRMI have. We show that using independent component analysis (ICA) as a signal decomposition filter on the single (non-averaged) trials prior to applying the inverse solution reveals brain sources, consistent with findings from fMRI and PET, that cannot be detected by conventional analysis. Source: Presentation from Blind Source Separation in Biomedicine Event

Frequency Domain Blind Source Separation Prof Jonathon Chambers & Dr Wenwu Wang (December 2004) Blind source separation (BSS) has attracted dramatic research interests in the past decade due to its potential applications in signal processing, telecommunications, and medical imaging. Among the open issues in BSS is how to recover the source signals from the linear convolutive mixtures which are observed by an array of sensors, and this remains a challenging problem. An effective solution is to transform the convolutive model into the frequency domain so that a series of complex-valued instantaneous BSS can be applied independently to each frequency bin. This has simplified the separation problem with a better convergence performance. However, a crucial problem, called the permutation problem, should be solved before gaining a good separation performance. This talk gives an outline of our approach to the frequency domain BSS with emphasis on the solutions to the permutation problem. Some recent results, together with a comparative discussion of the state-of-the-art approaches will be presented. Source: Presentation from Blind Source Separation in Biomedicine Event

Extracting the Atrial Signal from the Electrocardiogram in Atrial Fibrillation Dr Philip Langley (December 2004) Atrial fibrillation is the most common abnormal heart rhythm seen in clinical practice. Non-invasive analysis of the rhythm is difficult because the atrial component of the body surface electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is small relative to, and is often masked by, the ventricular component. The presentation will discuss the application of algorithms, including Principal Component Analysis and Independent Component Analysis, for extracting the atrial activity from the ECG. Source: Presentation from Blind Source Separation in Biomedicine Event

Statitical & Probabilistic Fundamentals of ICA Dr Mark Girolami (December 2004) Independent Component Analysis (ICA) can be viewed both as a multivariate statistical transformation and as describing a probabilistic generative latent variable model. Both of these viewpoints form the basis of a number of ICA algorithms and methods currently available. This talk will present the basic theoretical representations which underpin most ICA algorithms commonly available for various biomedical applications. Source: Presentation from the Blind Source Separation in Biomedicine Event

Artefact Removal from EEGs Using a Hybrid BSS-SVM Algorithm Leor Shoker and Dr Saeid Sanei (December 2004) Various artefacts such as eye-blinking, also called electrooculogram (EOG), and Electrocardiograms (ECG) deteriorate the quality of electroencephalograms (EEGs) which are going to be used for clinical diagnosis or to be processed. Blind source separation (BSS) has been a powerful tool to separate different EEG and artefact sources. Identification of different sources from the independent components however, has been always under question. A robust technique for detection and removal of the artefacts requires an efficient classification of the independent components estimated by an effective BSS method. In this talk we will explore different schemes in EEG artefact removal. Then we will concentrate on a robust technique based on fusion of blind identification based BSS algorithm and an effective classification method using support vector machines (SVM). The classifier exploits the statistical properties of both the EEG and the artefact using certain features to identify the best separating hyperplane. We will show that the proposed supervised method is very effective, robust and computationally cost efficient. Source: Presentation from Blind Source Separation in Biomedicine Event

Blind Source Separation for EEG Signal Pre-Processing and Feature Extraction in Seizure Onset Analysis Dr Christian Hesse & Dr Christopher James (December 2004) This presentation gives an overview of current work on applying BSS/ICA techniques in the context of early seizure detection in ictal EEG. Conventional approaches to seizure detection working in the sensor domain apply feature extraction, detection and classification algorithms to individual channels. Such methods do not exploit the spatial information contained in the multi-channel signals, but instead require prior knowledge regarding channels in close proximity to the epileptic source or face a difficult classification problem in a high dimensional feature space, as well as identification of artifacts with similar waveform morphology. In contrast, BSS/ICA methods decompose the signal into a set of underlying sources with unique spatial and time-frequency or spectral signatures, which can be used directly as features for detection and classification of seizure and non-seizure related brain activity, as well as eye, muscle and other artifacts. Thus, working in the source domain rather than the sensor domain can reduce the complexity of the feature extraction and classification problem by mapping the multi-channel signal into a lower-dimensional space and by exploiting spatial temporal and spectral information to characterise sources. Source: Presentation form Blind Source Separation in Biomedicine Event

Non-Stationary Independent Component Analysis Dr Richard Everson (December 2004) Independent Components Analysis usually assumes that sources are mixed in constant proportions to form observations. However, this assumption is violated if the mixing proportions vary, as may occur in EEG measurements as electrodes dry out or in audio mixing if sources move relative to the recording microphones. In this talk blind source separation with non-stationary mixing, but stationary sources is considered. The linear mixing of the independent sources sources is modelled as evolving according to a first order Markov process, and a method for tracking the mixing and simultaneously inferring the sources is presented. Observational noise is included in the model. The technique is illustrated with numerical examples. Richard Everson is lecturer in Computer Science at the University of Exeter. His interests lie in the analysis and modelling of experimentally collected data, and he has developed new methods to applied to fluid mechanics, oceanography, audio, ECG, fMRI, etc. Richard has introduced new, flexible source models for ICA and has elucidated the manner in which "fixed" source models are able to cope with an unexpectedly wide range of sources. He has developed particle filter methods for tracking non-stationary mixing, and current interests lie in Bayesian methods for non-linear ICA. He has published several articles on ICA and is co-editor of the book "ICA: Principles and Practice". Source: Presentation from Blind Source Separation in Biomedicine Event

IEE 'Medical Electronics - Hi-Technology at the Cutting Edge Seminar' Evaluation (December 2004) The annual IEE Cambridge seminar on December 2nd focussed on the increasingly prominent theme of medical electronics and attracted 120 delegates from all over the UK and even two from Barcelona. The seminar, which was held at the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory was also the first ever IEE branch event to be recorded by IEE.tv for archiving and viewing over the Internet. Source: Evaluation of IEE 'Medical Electronics - Hi-Technology at the Cutting Edge' Seminar

Medical Electronics: Hi-Technology at the Cutting Edge Various (December 2004) This seminar from the Cambridge Branch of the IEE included the following presentations: Dr Bill Mason - 'Present realities and Future Trends in Medical Electronics and Medical Technology.' Dr Stuart Hendry - 'Microsensors for Clinical Diagnostics'. Dr Tony Flint - 'Targeting Heart Attacks - The Electronic System that Detects the Temperature of Your Arteries'. Dr Ian Wilding - 'The Oral Magic Bullet: Remote Controlled Micro-Electronic Capsules for Delivering Drug at the Right Place at the Right Time'. Richard Traherne - 'Wireless Trends in Healthcare'. Dr Vincent Wallace - 'Biomedical Applications of Terahertz Technology'. Rod Ruston - 'Regulatory Approval: The Icing on the Cake'. Dr Gilbert Park - 'The Doctor's Perpective: Am I Getting What My Critically Ill Patients Want from Hi-Tech Equipmet Manufacturers?' Source: 'Medical Electronics: Hi-Technology at the Cutting Edge', IEE Cambridge Branch Seminar 2004

Pilot Evaluation for eHealth Jeremy Wyatt (November 2004) What is eHealth? "Using the Internet and other electronic media to disseminate or provide access to health and lifestyle information or services". Source: "Evaluation issues in home telecare" Workshop from TeleMed & eHealth 04 Citizen Centred Care Conference

The Potential of Multi-Dimensional Value Criterion Models for the Evaluation of Healthcare Technology Derek G. Cramp, Centre for Health Informatics, City University, London (November 2004) Evaluation is essentially a decision problem: the problem being to establish whether a technology is effective, efficient and economic. The efficiency and economic dimensions are usually readily objectivised and measurable. But 'effectiveness' is an elusive concept, it being a multi-dimensional quantifier that subsumes all the non-cost aspects of a complex system. Source: "Evaluation issues in home telecare" Workshop from TeleMed & eHealth 04 Citizen Centred Care Conference

Home Telecare - The Inner City Experience Dr Harpal Harrar (November 2004) Case studies from the Sandmere Practice, which has been situated in inner city London for the past thirty years. Source: "Evaluation issues in home telecare" Workshop, TeleMed & eHealth 04 Citizen Centred Care Conference

Simplicity Fights Adversity Roger Eltringham, Fan Qui Wei and Wilson Thomas (November 2004) Complicated new anaesthetic machines are the tool of choice in the modern operating theatre but only if you can afford to buy and run them smoothly. Resource-poor countries may be in no position to do either. Now there is a cheaper alternative that offers first-rate patient outcomes under even the most difficult conditions. Roger Eltringham, Fan Qui Wei and Wilson Thomas explain Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

Taking The Heat D J Picken and M C Bennett (November 2004) Solutions to one sort of pollution, such as unsterilised clinical waste, must avoid creating different environmental problems. D J Picken and M C Bennett explain how this was tackled in their project to design an incinerator for use in healthcare settings in resource-poor countries Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

Action At The Sharps End Malcolm Holliday (November 2004) Malcolm Holliday looks at some of the designs emerging from a worldwide initiative to develop safe, cheap, sustainable and effective clinical waste technologies that are usable on a small scale Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

The Half-Full Approach Pramood Joshi, Andrew Gammie, Richard Hudson and Walter Seeger (November 2004) If you can’t put ideal healthcare technology management systems into place, should you give up or is compromise a possibility? Pramood Joshi, Andrew Gammie, Richard Hudson and Walter Seeger believe that with commitment in place to future full resourcing, an optimistic outcome is possible Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

Water Works Christian Gericke, Kent Ranson, Christoph Kurowski and Anne Mills (November 2004) The scaling up of low-technology health interventions has been recognised in theory. Practical measures remain few and far between, however. Christian Gericke, Kent Ranson, Christoph Kurowski and Anne Mills suggest a systematic approach to such projects that will assist with both planning and evaluation Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

A Healthy Lifecycle Juliette Cook (November 2004) For donated medical equipment to be useful it needs to be coherently managed from the time it is acquired to the time it is retired from service. Juliette Cook explains the tools and techniques for this process developed by one small country Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

Frozen Assets (November 2004) Donating healthcare technology to developing countries in a policy vacuum is simply not a viable option, as World Health Organization guidelines spell out. Without proper care and communication, equipment donations can freeze development rather than advance it Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

Online Tutorials Educational resources (March 2004) Subjects include Nanomedicine, Surface Analysis & Nanotechnology Source:

Making faces D Lenton (July 2004) Rapid prototyping techniques developed in manufacturing industry are finding new applications in surgery. Source: IEE Review, July 2004

Access-Ability John Gill (May 2004) This publication provides an overview of guidelines that are now available on the Internet to help designers, engineers and technicians solve the problems of making the technology in our everyday lives accessible and easier to use by elderly people and people with disabilities. For more information please click on http://www.tiresias.org/guidelines/access-ability/index.htm Source:

Low-power transceivers get patients mobile C Falcon, AMI Semiconductor (June 2004) Low power wireless systems are delivering mobility, improved patient care and relative comfort both inside and outside the medical facility. Medical electronic devices are benefiting from transceivers that use the latest mixed-signal ASIC technology to provide desired rates of data transfer over short ranges. Source: Communications Engineer, June 2004

3rd IEE Seminar on Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries Len Cornish, Global Healthcare Projects (February 2004) The seminar had two main themes " Managing Healthcare Technology " and " Devices and Systems". This seminar addressed key needs and problems and took up the challenge of identifying future strategies and solutions. Source: IEE Seminar on Appropriate medical technology for developing countries, 4 February 2004

MEDICA 2003 - Review Roger S Harvey, QinetiQ Centre for Human Sciences (April 2004) Medica 2003, the 35th World Forum for Medicine, is the world's largest medical trade show, and this year took place at Dusseldorf Messe during November. Read the review of the event. Source: Exhibition & Conference on Medicine, 19 - 22 November 2003

Not feeling well A Ditson (February 2004) This article argues that the distributed management of frequency spectrum in Europe is adversely affecting the region, as decision-making becomes more difficult and time-consuming. This is seriously impeding progress in the area of medical equipment, due to the sharing of allocated spectrum with commercial wireless equipment using e.g. WiFi and Bluetooth standards. Source: Communications Engineer, February 2004

Cost trade-offs in mixed-signal SoC designs R Landry (February 2004) Smart sensors and other single-chip industrial and medical devices can provide significant cost advantages over designs built from discrete parts, but care needs to be taken when selecting the implementation process to ensure you get the right cost and performance balance. Source: Electronics Systems and Software, February 2004

Assistive Technology Symposium ? Towards a Better Future Michael A. Johnson (April 2003) Read the report on this event which was held in Glasgow on 30th April, 2003 Source: Event Report

IPEM Meeting Report: Assessment of the Active Cardiovascular System Dr Christopher James, IEE Healthcare PN Executive Team (August 2003) This report gives details of the IPEM one day meeting held on 16th May 2003 in York. Source:

Art of the butterflies M Gibson (March 2003) Describes current UK-based research aimed at commercialisation of nanotechnology, including medical applications. Includes sidebars on carbon nanotubes, and on QinetiQ Nanomaterials Ltd., a UK-based company which is developing nanomaterials for industrial applications. Source: IEE Review April 2003

Can technology reduce health care costs? P N T Wells, University of Bristol (July 2002) Prevention, information and innovation:can substitute medical technologies be developed that are less costly than those they replace, yet which produce the same or better results? Source: Engineering Management Journal, August 2002

Computer controlled piezo micromanipulation system for biomedical applications K K Tan & S C Ng, University of Singapore (November 2001) The development of a computer-controlled piezo manipulation system for biomedical applications such as intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is reviewed. The hardware set-up and control strategies are described in detail to illustrate the advantages of this approach compared to manually based injection methods. When used for ICSI an improved success rate in terms of oocyte survival and fertilisation is achieved. Source: Engineering Science And Education Journal December 2001

Measuring and diagnostic systems in biomedical education K Jellonek and M Kotulska, Wroclaw University of Technology (January 2002) A rising demand for specialists in measuring and diagnostic systems (MDS) able to apply multidisciplinary knowledge from medicine, theory of measurements, automation and physics was the stimulus for launching a course in this field for students of biomedical engineering at Wroclaw University of Technology. The course was to provide training in medical system design, development and implementation, and cover the topics of general mathematical models of the phenomena, data acquisition, data processing, interpretation and result visualisation. The main aim was to link modern technology with the traditional measurement approach to biological quantities. During the course students are presented with real-world problems from the field of medicine. This article outlines the course curriculum and its Web-centric approach to laboratory equipment. Source: Engineering Science and Education Journal February 2002

New robotic system for the operating theatre A Malvisi, M Fadda, R Valleggi, G Bioli and S Martelli, Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli (May 2001) Robotic systems in surgical environments are becoming an increasingly common research area and a clinical reality. New standards and new results are expected from this branch of robotic application, and revolutionary changes in the operating theatre are not too far away. This article describes the development of a new robot prototype, which combines the high reliability and safety of custom-designed electronics and controls with a new mechanical design delivering high-precision positioning and safe interaction with the surgical environment. Source: Computing & Control Engineering Journal June 2001

The intelligent hand P Kyberd, Oxford Orthopaedic Engineering Centre (August 2000) Microprocessor control of low-level functions is transforming the capabilities of limb prostheses. Reports on recent and future developments. Source: IEE Review September 2000

Medical engineering gets back on its feet O Wells, EPSRC (September 2000) Describes the Integrated Healthcare Technologies IMI Programme, an EPSRC project designed to improve the competitive performance of the medical engineering sector. Source: Manufacturing Engineer October 2000

Developing Countries

4th IET International Seminar on Appropriate Healthcare Technologies for Developing Countries Andrew Gammie (June 2006) The seminar brought together 84 delegates from many countries and proved to be a stimulating atmosphere of debate and information exchange for those involved with the application of technology in global healthcare. Previous seminars had only been a single day meeting, but the number of submissions and the level of interest generated to date easily justified the extension to two days. The presentations covered devices and systems, information technology and healthcare technology policy and management. Presenters’ background varied between international organizations, NGO projects and university/hospital departments. The diversity of material and attendees added to the richness of debate during the seminar. Source:

2nd IEE Seminar on Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries (February 2002) This 2nd seminar on this topic was organized by the IEE Healthcare Technologies Professional Network. WHO estimates that 40-60% of medical equipment is out of service; & many other problems hinder the provision of healthcare in developing countries (DCs). There is much to be done to improve the situation and the seminar provided an opportunity for healthcare experts to share their experiences and to offer solutions. It was led by Len Cornish (Global Healthcare Projects) as technical adviser to the PN, & covered two themes: Managing Healthcare Technology and Applications & Supporting Systems. Source: IEE Seminar on Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries

Simplicity Fights Adversity Roger Eltringham, Fan Qui Wei and Wilson Thomas (November 2004) Complicated new anaesthetic machines are the tool of choice in the modern operating theatre but only if you can afford to buy and run them smoothly. Resource-poor countries may be in no position to do either. Now there is a cheaper alternative that offers first-rate patient outcomes under even the most difficult conditions. Roger Eltringham, Fan Qui Wei and Wilson Thomas explain Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

Taking The Heat D J Picken and M C Bennett (November 2004) Solutions to one sort of pollution, such as unsterilised clinical waste, must avoid creating different environmental problems. D J Picken and M C Bennett explain how this was tackled in their project to design an incinerator for use in healthcare settings in resource-poor countries Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

Action At The Sharps End Malcolm Holliday (November 2004) Malcolm Holliday looks at some of the designs emerging from a worldwide initiative to develop safe, cheap, sustainable and effective clinical waste technologies that are usable on a small scale Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

The Half-Full Approach Pramood Joshi, Andrew Gammie, Richard Hudson and Walter Seeger (November 2004) If you can’t put ideal healthcare technology management systems into place, should you give up or is compromise a possibility? Pramood Joshi, Andrew Gammie, Richard Hudson and Walter Seeger believe that with commitment in place to future full resourcing, an optimistic outcome is possible Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

Water Works Christian Gericke, Kent Ranson, Christoph Kurowski and Anne Mills (November 2004) The scaling up of low-technology health interventions has been recognised in theory. Practical measures remain few and far between, however. Christian Gericke, Kent Ranson, Christoph Kurowski and Anne Mills suggest a systematic approach to such projects that will assist with both planning and evaluation Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

A Healthy Lifecycle Juliette Cook (November 2004) For donated medical equipment to be useful it needs to be coherently managed from the time it is acquired to the time it is retired from service. Juliette Cook explains the tools and techniques for this process developed by one small country Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

Frozen Assets (November 2004) Donating healthcare technology to developing countries in a policy vacuum is simply not a viable option, as World Health Organization guidelines spell out. Without proper care and communication, equipment donations can freeze development rather than advance it Source: Health Exchange magazine (November 2004)

3rd IEE Seminar on Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries Len Cornish, Global Healthcare Projects (February 2004) The seminar had two main themes " Managing Healthcare Technology " and " Devices and Systems". This seminar addressed key needs and problems and took up the challenge of identifying future strategies and solutions. Source: IEE Seminar on Appropriate medical technology for developing countries, 4 February 2004

Implementing the DMU medical waste incinerator - the human factors M C Bennett and D J Picken, De Montfort University (January 2000) The need for a cheap medical waste incinerator for use at small hospitals in rural areas of developing countries was generally recognised some 5 years ago. To tackle the problem, funds were sought for and obtained from the DFID to develop a suitable incinerator. As part of the project, a major needs and demands survey was undertaken. This, coupled with information derived from two other surveys that were undertaken, received from field trials, a number of reports and made known at conferences, brought to light many human problems that could prevent the incinerator programme being properly implemented. Source: Presented at IEE Seminar - Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries. February 2000.

New self-contained, affordable diagnostic instruments for use in rural tropical primary healthcare practice R Rickman, Formerly: Senior WHO Scientist (Parasitologist) and School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (January 2000) .In 1990 a WHO analysis of the world health problems, caused by the tropical diseases,produced some sobering statistics. ?Almost half a billion people (i.e. oneperson in ten) are now suffering from tropical disease and, of these, most live in poorcountries where, on average, only US$ 4 per person is available for healthcare? More funding is now needed to develop new tools and to apply the ones we have.Diagnostics, a previously under-represented area at WHO, has become increasingly important for disease control, outbreak detection and epidemiological surveys.' Source: Presented at IEE Seminar - Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries. February 2000

The design of a small, cheap and versatile medical waste incinerator for use in developing countries D J Picken and M C Bennett, De Montfort University (January 2000) Covers the progress of the design of a small and cheap incinerator from the original requirement specification to its testing in the UK and its trial implementation in three developing countries. Despite the emphasis on low cost, the aim of the design team has remained to make an incinerator capable of destroying most waste materials at temperatures above 800oC so that most pathogens would be destroyed, and flue gaspollution would be minimised. Source: IEE Seminar February 2000- Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries.

The development of a haemoglobinmeter and field microscope for primary health care use in developing countries Mr Chris Quinn RGN, MBA, PgDMS, FETC (Newcastle Hospitals NHS Trust) (January 2000) This paper describes some work carried out in conjunction with Primary Diagnostics Ltd. to develop a haemoglobinmeter (the AnaemascanÔ) and a field microscope. Both designs are tailored to their severe working environment and to as low a price as possible given their specification Source: IEE Seminar - Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries. February 2000.

Health Care Technology for Developing Countries M Refaee (University of Central Lancashire) and Prof M A Fayed (Al-AzharUniversity, Egypt) (January 2000) The World Health Organisation (WHO) has set a goal for the year 2000 which is 'health for all'. However a question has arisen concerning the appropriateness of health care technology for developing countries. This paper looks at health care technology not simply as medical equipment and drugs, but as a multidisciplinary approach including disease management, information technology and medical engineering. Poverty is often a contributing factor for disease reoccurrence in poor economic countries Source: IEE Seminar - Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries. February 2000.

Repair and Maintenance of Scientific Instruments, Computer and Audiological Equipment in East Africa from June 1994 to July 1997 Dr. John Fincham (Nescot and Commonwealth Society for the Deaf) and Ms PeggyChalmers (International School of Audiology) (January 2000) During the early 1990s, Mr. Nigel Bentley from Nescot went on a number of recruitment campaigns in East Africa to recruit students onto our Biological/Biomedical Science courses. In many government institutions, hospitals, universities and private companies he was shown large numbers of unrepaired instruments, unpacked donated equipment and equipment without servicing manuals. Source: Presented at IEE Seminar - Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries. February 2000.

Repair and Maintenance of Scientific Instruments, Computer and Audiological Equipment in East Africa from June 1994 to July 1997 Dr. John Fincham (Nescot and Commonwealth Society for the Deaf) and Ms PeggyChalmers (International School of Audiology) (January 2000) During the early 1990s, Mr. Nigel Bentley from Nescot went on a number of recruitment campaigns in East Africa to recruit students onto our Biological/Biomedical Science courses. In many government institutions, hospitals, universities and private companies he was shown large numbers of unrepaired instruments, unpacked donated equipment and equipment without servicing manuals. Source: Presented at IEE Seminar - Appropriate Medical Technology for Developing Countries. February 2000.

Microengineering

CMOS Image Sensors : Lenses and Filters on Silicon Lindsay Grant & Robert Henderson (April 2006) CMOS image sensor trends Ideal and non-ideal pixel optical performance Colour Filter Array (CFA) Microlens array Stack optimisation Vertically integrated imagers Conclusions Source: Integrated Microsystems: adding value with microelectronics - April 2006

The Integration of EWOD (ElectroWetting On Dielectric) microfluidic technology with foundry CMOS L.I. Haworth (April 2006) Introduction to EWOD (ElectroWetting On Dielectric) technology Passive EWOD device constraints and solutions Post-CMOS process for active EWOD devices High voltage EWOD IC design Conclusions Acknowledgments Source: Integrated Microsystems: adding value with microelectronics - April 2006

Microsensor Microsensor Array Technology Array Technology for Direct for Direct Extracellular Extracellular Imaging Imaging Mark J. Milgrew (April 2006) Outline Introduction. Research aim and objectives. Sensor array design. Implementation. Results and discussion. Summary. Source: Integrated Microsystems: adding value with microelectronics - April 2006

Integrated High Voltage electrodes onCMOS Jurriaan Schmitz (April 2006) Outline •Scope: particledetection •Technologyforintegratedgaseousdetectors •First results •Conclusionsand outlook Source: Integrated Microsystems: adding value with microelectronics - April 2006

Integration with CMOS MEMS Mark Begbie, Lijie Li & Aboubacar Chaehoi (April 2006) Background: Who and what is iSLI Very brief Research areas Academic programmes Integrated Micro-Photonic Systems Current active research results Materials development Integrating piezoelectrics Services to UK MNT Network Volume prototyping integrated MEMS Source: Integrated Microsystems: adding value with microelectronics - April 2006

New Applications of CMOS Technology: Integrated Chemical and Biological Microsensors and Systems Andreas Hierlemann (April 2006) Introduction - base technology: CMOS – micromachining Microhotplates and hotplate-based sensor system – transistor microhotplate – array system Cantilever-based sensors for liquid phase – magnetic actuation – microcantilever array system Cell-based biosensors in CMOS technology – electrogenic cells – bioelectronic chips and recordings Outlook Source: Integrated Microsystems: adding value with microelectronics - Apr 2006

The Shape Of Things To Come George Coupe (October 2004) What is firing the imagination of engineers today? The list is long - innovative materials, alternative power sources and the burgeoning nanotechnology sector will all radically alter the manufacturing landscape before the decade is out. Source: Manufacturing Engineer - October 2004

Press Release: Semefab's new processing capabilities in its new back end MEMS facility in Glenrothes Scotland Semefab (Scotland) Ltd (September 2004) Press release explaining the new processing capabilities which Semefab is presently installing in its new back end MEMS facility in Glenrothes Scotland. Source: Semefab (Scotland) Ltd

Nanotechnology in Biology [slides] J Ryan, The University of Oxford (July 2004) A presentation on Bionanotechnology; covering Biological membranes and their importance, membrane proteins and ion channels. Source: IEE Seminar on Microtechnology meets Nanoscience, 08 July 2004

How can you make anything useful from buckyballs? [slides] J Kowal, The Open University (July 2004) A presentation covering buckyball manufacturing and the approaches to the patterning of nanomaterials. Source: IEE Seminar on Microtechnology meets Nanoscience, 08 July 2004

Ferroelectric materials in microsystems and nanotechnology [slides] RW Whatmore, Cranfield University (July 2004) A presentation investigating nanotechnology and ferroelectric materials and applications of ferroelectrics in microsystems, including pyroelectrics and RF MEMS. Source: IEE Seminar on Microtechnology meets Nanoscience, 08 July 2004

MNT & the SME ? A commercial opportunity? [slides] R Santilli (July 2004) A presentation focusing on MEMS over NanoTechnology, looking at where we are now, the manufacturing infrastructure and the future. Source: IEE Seminar on Microtechnology meets Nanoscience, 08 July 2004

Why is MNT not like Microelectronics? [slides] R Lawes (July 2004) A presentation investigating microsystems as a new approach to engineering with an overview of the manufacturing processes, highlighting differences and a look at the markets and infrastructure. Source: IEE Seminar on Microtechnology meets Nanoscience, 08 July 2004

The system-of-Systems in MNT [slides] A El-Fatatry, BAE Systems (July 2004) A presentation examining systems engineering of micro-nano systems, the benefits, life-cycle and commercialisation. Source: IEE Seminar on Microtechnology meets Nanoscience, 08 July 2004

MNT in Universities: An Imperial Perspective [slides] P Syms, ICL (July 2004) A presentation looking at the history of MNT and MEMS vs Nanotechnology. Source: IEE Seminar on Microtechnology meets Nanoscience, 08 July 2004

Commercialising MNT [slides] P Atherton, Nanoventures UK (July 2004) A detailed presentation looking at different types of Nanotechnology, the 'state of play' and commercialisation activity. Source: IEE Seminar on Microtechnology meets Nanoscience, 08 July 2004

IEE survey "2010 Micro/Nanotechnology in the UK" M Desmulliez (October 2002) Microtechnology and nanotechnology are increasingly becoming strategic economic priorities for many European governments. Products based on microtechnology now have in common many niche products and applications, whereas nanotechnology is still perceived as a field of research very much confined in research and development laboratories of large companies and universities alike. For both fields, the possible applications are becoming more diverse, enabling in some cases companies to leapfrog their competitors. Source: IEE Microsystems & Nanotechnology Professional Network

University Innovation Centre for Nanotechnology A Structure to Assist Rapid Commercialisation of Nanotechnology K Snowdon (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: Concept Output Objectives Key Equipment: Analysis & Microscopy What Does It Support? Services Offered Research Activity Source: Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology University of Newcastle upon Tyne

Technology Roadmapping for industry: a technology transfer experience under the PJ Palmer (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: Technical Scope Technology Trends Technology Roadmapping A combined Approach Concluding Remarks Source: The PRIME Faraday Partnership

Packaging of Microsystems B Michel (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies look at the technologies involved in the packaging of microsystems. Source: MicroMaterials Center Berlin

OPTICS IN MICRO AND NANO SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES IN FRANCE A Brun (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: Life Sciences (nanobiology, molecular science, nanochemistry) Electronics (nanoelectronics, nanooptoelectronics) New Nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, nanomagnetism) Nanofabrication/Nanometroloy (fabrication, control, measurement & calibration techniques at the nanometer scale) Education, teaching Source: RMNT

CEA Valorisation G Labrunie (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: Who are we ? Missions of CEA VALORISATION Who do we work for ? Our present equity investments Recent stats on Equity deals in Europe Microsystems venture enterprises What are the key issues ? What do we need ? Source: CEA Valorisation

Nanotechnology for Semiconductors and Nano-Electronics Ken Snowdon (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: Intense Activity Why Nanotechnology? Starting Point for nanotechnology in electronics Nanotechnology in Electronics Some Drivers Ubiquitous Sensing, Computing, Data Interpretation and Exchange Approaches: Top-Down & Bottom-Up Opportunity Source: Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne

Nanotechnology for semiconductors and nanoelectronics JL Pautrat (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: The Moore law and the search for new solutions How to make billions of nanometer-sized islands? Semiconductor nanocrystals as fluorescent beacons for DNA Conclusion Source: Conseiller scientifique au CEA

Etat de l'art en microélectronique L Gouzènes (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies look at micro/nanotechnology from an industrial point of view. Source: STMicroelectronics

Metrology and testing of micro and nanosystems R Leach (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: Why bother with metrology? Why have process control? Why is metrology of MNT devices difficult? Why is metrology of MST devices difficult? Why is metrology of Nano-devices difficult? Current metrology tools – Stylus instruments The NPL NanoSurf IV instrument Current metrology tools Source: Centre for Basic, Thermal & Length Metrology, National Physical Laboratory

Inspection and Testing in Micro and Nanotechnologies: needs and some French work A Bosseboeuf (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: Micro and Nanotechnology Trends Inspection & Testing Testing for Design Testing for Process Development Testing for Fabrication Chip Testing Packaged Design Testing French Projects European NoE Projects Source: Institut d'Electronique Fondamentale Université Paris XI

?Where are we now?" An Industrial (SME) view R Santilli (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: Where are we now? Technology/Infrastructure Second generation devices Telecomm meltdown Choosing Partners Source: Applied Microengineering - AML

Lab-on-a-Chip and Bionanotechnology J Cooper (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: Lab-on-a-Chip & Bionanotechnology Advantages Vision UK Centres of Excellence Need for Collaboration Routes for Co-operation Source: University of Glasgow

Lab-on-a-Chip Applications D Hauden (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: The Promising Applications of Micro – Nanotechnologies The current French government initiatives (Research Ministry and Agencies) R and D examples of micro – nanotechnologies in France Industries versus Lab – chip technologies Future trends Source: LPMO ? CNRS ? University of Franche ? Comté

German Initiative in Micro and Nanotechnology H Knobloch (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: Definitions Environment for Micro- and Nanotechnologies for Micro- and Nanotechnologies Government Support Activities of VDI/VDI-IT Conclusions Source: Innovation Europe

RMNT : the French Research Network in Micro and Nano Technologies C Puech (January 2003) Slides on French Initiatives presented by RMNT : the French Research Network in Micro and Nano Technologies at the First French-UK Workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies. Source: RESEAU NATIONAL DE MICRO ET NANO TECHNOLOGIES (RMNT)

French Initiatives Chart A Brun (January 2003) Flow chart of French Micro and Nanotechnology initiatives. Source: First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies 31/01/2003

Programme: The 1st French-UK Workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies (January 2003) This paper provides the following details of the meeting held 31/01/03: The format of the workshop The agenda The objectives A list of attendees Source: The 1st French-UK Workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies

?FW6: Research in micro- and nano technology? FW6: Research in micro- and nano technology? Building the European Research Area in the field D Beernaert (January 2003) Slides presented at the 1st French-Bristish Workshop on micro and nanotechnologies held 31/01/03 Source:

1st French/UK Workshop in Micro and Nanotechnologies (slides) R Whatmore (January 2003) Reporting of the Group Findings Slides include: Metrology and Testing of Microsystems Packaging of Microsystems Nanotechnology for Semiconductors and Nano-Electronics Lab-On-A-Chip Applications Optics In Microsystems Source:

A Strategic Framework for 2010 Foresight Sensors Task Group (November 2002) In the second round of Foresight a number of panels identified the need to set up specialist groups to look at areas in a more informed manner. The need for a contribution from the sensors community was identified by six Thematic or Sectoral Panels. Source: Foresight

Micromachining

MEMS design, realisation and characterisation in an educational context B Estibals, LAAS, J-Y Fourniols, LAAS and INSA Toulouse, J-L Noullet, INSA Toulouse and AIME and A Martinez, LAAS and INSA Toulouse (September 2001) This paper reports some early experiences in organising a practical training programme for students of electrical engineering on the design, realisation and characterisation of microsystems. After students have been given an overview of CAD tools dedicated to microsystem technology, an electrothermal actuator is designed for implementation using one of two different technologies and simulated. The students then realise an actuator in clean rooms using a simple surface micromachining process. The paper presents some electron microscope pictures of their devices. Results of practical device characterisation are compared to simulation results. Source: Engineering Science and Education Journal October 2001

Recent developments in micromachined silicon D F Moore and R R A Syms, Cambridge University (December 1999) Provides a review, directed at scientists and engineers concerned with microsystems technology, of advances in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The emphasis is on silicon technology, where the electrical properties of the material are exploited in circuitry and the mechanical properties are used in sensor and microstructure applications. Developments in surface micromachining are discussed, and applications in sensors, microelectronic devices, vacuum microanalysis systems, microfluidics, and optoelectronic subsystems are reviewed. Some emerging technologies are assessed and promising new research directions are identified. Source: Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal December 1999

Micromechanical Systems

The Shape Of Things To Come George Coupe (October 2004) What is firing the imagination of engineers today? The list is long - innovative materials, alternative power sources and the burgeoning nanotechnology sector will all radically alter the manufacturing landscape before the decade is out. Source: Manufacturing Engineer - October 2004

Good things, small packages N Anscombe (June 2004) The market for MEMS (micro-electromechanical systems) is predicted to grow rapidly over the next few years, particularly in Europe. Also called microsystems and micromachines, these devices have many diverse applications, including in medical sensors and telecommunications switches. While the MEMS industry was born out of the semiconductor industry, it dynamcis are very different. This article examines some of the issues involved in MEMS manufacture. Source: Manufacturing Engineer, June 2004

Optical MEMS R Carline (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: QinetiQ Why optical MEMS MEMS Example Existing solutions Opportunities in Framework VI Source: QinetiQ

US MEMS Demand to Increase More than 20% Annually through 2006 (July 2002) This press release claims that the US market for MEMS devices and products will increase better than 20% per year through 2006 to $3.5 billion. Fuelling gains will be technical innovations resulting in lower costs and improved performance, allowing the scope of applications for MEMS to widen considerably into telecommunications, biotechnology and consumer electronics, among others. Source: Freedonia Group

Fabrication of silicon microsystems D Wood, University of Durham (May 2000) Because of the three dimensional nature of microsystems the techniques used in their fabrication differ from those used in the manufacture of silicon microelectronic devices. This divergence is likely to increase in the future, yet there is a desire to fabricate microsystem devices and CMOS circuitry on one chip. Source: Engineering Science and Education Journal June 2000

Finite Element Simulations For The Design Of Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems K Hameyer and T B Johansson, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (December 1999) Short development times necessitate the accurate prediction of the physical behaviour of micro-devices, for which accurate and professional design tools are required. A field computation method with a very general application range is the finite element method (FEM). In this paper, the modelling of micro-motors operated by the electrostatic field will be discussed, and the variants of radial and axial field micro-motors considered. Source: IEE Seminar on Current Trends in the Use of Finite Elements in Electromechanical Design and Analysis, London, January 2000.

Capteurs intelligents par réseaux de neurones: l?exemple d?un microsystème d?inspection visuelle D Martinez, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (September 2000) Artificial neural networks and 3D packaging technology have a major role to play in the development of microsystems for visual inspection. Source: Engineering Science and Education Journal October 2000

Fault simulation and modelling of microelectromechanical systems R Rosing, A Lechner, A Richardson and A Dorey, Lancaster University (October 2000) High-reliability and safety-critical markets for MEMS are driving new proposals for the integration of efficient built-in test and monitoring functions. The realisation of this technology will require support tools and validation methodologies, including fault simulation and testability analysis and full closed-loop simulation techniques to ensure cost and quality targets. Source: Computing & Control Engineering Journal October 2000

Nanotechnology

'Nanotechnology: Global Strategies, Industry Trends and Applications' A Review R Lawes, Imperial College London (June 2005) A review of 'Nanotechnology: Global Strategies, Industry Trends and Applications' Edited by Jurgen Schulte and published by Wiley. Source: IEE M&N PN

The Shape Of Things To Come George Coupe (October 2004) What is firing the imagination of engineers today? The list is long - innovative materials, alternative power sources and the burgeoning nanotechnology sector will all radically alter the manufacturing landscape before the decade is out. Source: Manufacturing Engineer - October 2004

Press Release: The success of AML in recent DTI MNT grant award R Santilli, Applied Microengineering Ltd. (September 2004) This press release explains AML's winning of a DTI grant of £678,000 to develop a new production tool to help the manufacture of nano devices – the LOBEL project. ‘LOBEL’ is a new industrial manufacturing platform for MNT which is proposed by AML. The project will develop a machine that serves a new set of process needs with novel capabilities, able to satisfy new markets & compete internationally. Source: Applied Microengineering Ltd.

Online Tutorials Educational resources (March 2004) Subjects include Nanomedicine, Surface Analysis & Nanotechnology Source:

IEE survey "2010 Micro/Nanotechnology in the UK" M Desmulliez (October 2002) Microtechnology and nanotechnology are increasingly becoming strategic economic priorities for many European governments. Products based on microtechnology now have in common many niche products and applications, whereas nanotechnology is still perceived as a field of research very much confined in research and development laboratories of large companies and universities alike. For both fields, the possible applications are becoming more diverse, enabling in some cases companies to leapfrog their competitors. Source: IEE Microsystems & Nanotechnology Professional Network

From physics & biology to nanotechnology J Ryan (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies look at the strategic importance of nanoscience & technology. Source: Bionanotechnology IRC Department of Physics Oxford University

OPTICS IN MICRO AND NANO SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES IN FRANCE A Brun (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: Life Sciences (nanobiology, molecular science, nanochemistry) Electronics (nanoelectronics, nanooptoelectronics) New Nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, nanomagnetism) Nanofabrication/Nanometroloy (fabrication, control, measurement & calibration techniques at the nanometer scale) Education, teaching Source: RMNT

Nanotech Investing: Hype vs Reality? M-Han Kuok (January 2003) These slides presented at the First French-UK workshop on Micro and Nanotechnologies include: TFI Background Contrasting Perspectives Nanotechnology: Definitions Current Investment Overview What is a Nanotechnology business? Successful Business Models Problems with investing in Nanotechnology Source: TFI Ltd